Margaret Wake
F, #1626, b. about 1295, d. 29 September 1349
Biography
Margaret Wake was born about 1295 in Liddel, Chamberlain, England.
Edmund Plantagenet and she were married about December 1325. She died on 29 September 1349 at age ~54.
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Thomas De Holland
M, #1627
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Edward (the Black)
M, #1628
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Hugh de Audley
M, #1629, b. 1267, d. after November 1325
Biography
Hugh de Audley was born in 1267. He and
Isolde de Mortimer were married in 1288. He died after November 1325 in Wallingford Castle.
He was a cadet of the Barons Audley of Heleigh Castle. He obtained from hs mother, sooon after her husband's death in the first year of the reign of Edward I (1272/3), a reversionary grant of Stratton Audley, Oxfordshire, which had been her inheritance. He also held Marcle Audley.
He was in the French wars from 1294 and was a prisoner in France April 2, 1299. He served in the Scottish wars from 1299 to 1302 and in 1313. He was in Gascony in 1304/5. He served as Justice of North Wales in 1306 and as Governor of Montgomery Castle in 1309. At one time he was ambassador to France. He was summoned to Parliament in 1322.
He participated in the rebellion of the Earl of Lancaster in 1321/2, but surrendered before the battle of Boroughbridge was fought on March 16, 1321/2. He was confined to Wallingford Castle and died there while a prisoner, his title having been forfeited by attainder.
He appears to have descended from the de Audithley. James of Audithley born abt. 1220, died in Ireland 1272 of a broken neck. He was married in 1244 to ela Longespee, duaghter and heir of Sir William de Longspee, a grandson of Henry II.
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Margaret of France
F, #1630, b. about 1280, d. 14 February 1317
Parents
Biography
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Eleanor of Castile
F, #1631, b. about 1241, d. 24 November 1290
Parents
Biography
Eleanor of Castile was born about 1241. She died on 24 November 1290 at age ~49 in Harby near Lincoln, England.
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Richard de Clare
M, #1632, b. 4 August 1222, d. 15 July 1262
Parents
Biography
Richard de Clare was born on 4 August 1222. He died on 15 July 1262 at age 39 in Eschemerfield, Kent, England. He was buried in Tewksbury Abbey, England.
He was Lord of Clare, 5th Earl of Gloucester, and 6th Earl of Hertford.
In the struggle between Henry III of England and the Earl Marshal, Henry summoned his military tenants to Gloucester on August 15, 1233. As Richard, Earl of Gloucester, was absent from this meeting, he was proscribed as a traitor, his lands were seized and laid waste, and a date was set for his trial. This encounter involved the Earl Marshal's opposition to foreign influence and was resolved after some warfare.
With the death of the last of the House of Marshal in December 1245, the de Clares were without rival in South Wales. In 1256 he founded the house of Black Friars outside the west gate of Cardiff.
He died of poison at the table of Peter of Savoy, the Queen's uncle.
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Gilbert DeClare
M, #1633
Biography
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Ralph DeMonthermer
M, #1634
Biography
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
John H. Sarah
M, #1635, b. 9 September 1912, d. 2 December 1999
Biography
John H. Sarah was born on 9 September 1912 in Rhode Island. He died on 2 December 1999 at age 87 in Lodi, San Joaquin County, California.
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Sir Humphrey de Bohun,, 4th Earl of Hereford, 3rd Earl of Essex
M, #1636, b. about 1276, d. 16 March 1322
Parents
Biography
Sir Humphrey de Bohun,, 4th Earl of Hereford, 3rd Earl of Essex, was born about 1276 in Pleshey Castle, Essex, England. He and
Elizabeth Plantagenet were married on 14 November 1302 in Westminster, London, England. He died on 16 March 1322 at age ~46 in Battle of Boroughbridge, Yorkshire, England.
Sir Humphrey de Bohun,, 4th Earl of Hereford, 3rd Earl of Essex, was also known as Humphrey de Bohun,, 4th Earl of Hereford and Essex. Humphrey VIII de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford
(1276 – March 16, 1321/1322) was a member of a powerful Anglo-Norman family of the Welsh Marches and was one of the Ordainers who opposed Edward II's excesses.
Humphrey de Bohun's birth year is uncertain although several contemporary sources indicate that it was 1276. His father was Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford and his mother was Maud de Fiennes, daughter of Enguerrand II de Fiennes and Isabelle de Conde. He was born at Pleshey Castle, Essex.
Humphrey de Bohun VIII succeeded his father as Earl of Hereford and Earl of Essex, and Constable of England (later called Lord High Constable). Humphrey held the title of Bearer of the Swan Badge, a heraldic device passed down in the Bohun family. This device did not appear on their coat of arms, (az, a bend ar cotised or, between 6 lioncels or) nor their crest (gu, doubled erm, a lion gardant crowned), but it does appear on Humphrey's personal seal (illustration).
Humphrey was one of several earls and barons under Edward I who laid siege to Caerlaverock Castle in Scotland in 1300 and later took part in many campaigns in Scotland. He also loved tourneying and gained a reputation as an "elegant" fop. In one of the campaigns in Scotland Humphrey evidently grew bored and departed for England to take part in a tournament along with Piers Gaveston and other young barons and knights. On return all of them fell under Edward I's wrath for desertion, but were forgiven. It is probable that Gaveston's friend, Edward (the future Edward II) had given them permission to depart. Later Humphrey became one of Gaveston's and Edward II's bitterest opponents.
He would also have been associating with young Robert Bruce during the early campaigns in Scotland, since Bruce, like many other Scots and Border men, moved back and forth from English allegiance to Scottish. Robert Bruce, King Robert I of Scotland, is closely connected to the Bohuns. Between the time that he swore his last fealty to Edward I in 1302 and his defection four years later, Bruce stayed for the most part in Annandale, rebuilding his castle of Lochmaben in stone, making use of its natural moat. Rebelling and taking the crown of Scotland in February, 1306, Bruce was forced to fight a war against England which went poorly for him at first, while Edward I still lived. After nearly all his family were killed or captured he had to flee to the isle of Rathlin, Ireland. His properties in England and Scotland were confiscated.
Humphrey de Bohun received many of Robert Bruce's forfeited properties. It is unknown whether Humphrey was a long-time friend or enemy of Robert Bruce, but they were nearly the same age and the lands of the two families in Essex and Middlesex lay very close to each other. After Bruce's self-exile, Humphrey took Lochmaben, and Edward I awarded him Annandale and the castle. During this period of chaos, when Bruce's queen, Elizabeth de Burgh, daughter of the Earl of Ulster, was captured by Edward I and taken prisoner, Hereford and his wife Elizabeth became her custodians. She was exchanged for Humphrey after Bannockburn in 1314. Lochmaben was from time to time retaken by the Scots but remained in the Bohun family for many years, in the hands of Humphrey's son William, Earl of Northampton, who held and defended it until his death in 1360.
At the Battle of Bannockburn (June 23-24, 1314), Humphrey de Bohun should have been given command of the army because that was his responsibility as Constable of England. However, since the execution of Piers Gaveston in 1312 Humphrey had been out of favour with Edward II, who gave the Constableship for the 1314 campaign to the youthful and inexperienced Earl of Gloucester, Gilbert de Clare. Nevertheless, on the first day, de Bohun insisted on being one of the first to lead the cavalry charge. In the melee and cavalry rout between the Bannock Burn and the Scots' camp he was not injured although his rash young nephew Henry de Bohun, who could have been no older than about 22, charged alone at Robert Bruce and was killed by Bruce's axe.
On the second day Gloucester was killed at the start of battle. Hereford fought throughout the day, leading a large company of Welsh and English knights and archers. The archers had success at breaking up the Scots schiltrons until they were overrun by the Scots cavalry. When the battle was lost Bohun retreated with the Earl of Angus and several other barons, knights and men to Bothwell Castle, seeking a safe haven. However, all the refugees who entered the castle were taken prisoner by its formerly English governor who, like many Border knights, declared for Scotland as soon as word came of Bruce's victory. Humphrey de Bohun was ransomed by Edward II, his brother-in-law, on the pleading of his wife Elizabeth. This was one of the most interesting ransoms in English history. The Earl was traded for Bruce's queen and daughter, two bishops, Isabel MacDuff, Countess of Buchan, who for years had been locked in a cage outside a castle, and other important Scots captives in England.
Like his father, grandfather, and great-great-grandfather, this Humphrey de Bohun was careful to insist that the king obey Magna Carta, Habeas Corpus, and the other baronially-established safeguards against monarchic tyranny. He was a leader of the reform movements that promulgated the Ordinances of 1311 and fought to insure their execution.
The subsequent revival of royal authority and the growing ascendancy of the Despensers (Hugh the elder and younger) led de Bohun and other barons to rebel against the king again in 1322. De Bohun had special reason for opposing the Despensers, for he had lost some of his estates in the Welsh Marches to their rapacity and he felt they had besmirched his honour. In 1316 De Bohun had been ordered to lead the suppression of the revolt of Llywelyn Bren in Glamorgan which he did successfully. When Llewelyn surrendered to him the Earl promised to intercede for him and fought to have him pardoned. Instead Hugh the younger Despenser had Llewelyn executed without a proper trial. Hereford and the other marcher lords used Llywelyn Bren's death as a symbol of Despenser tyranny.
The rebel forces were halted by loyalist troops at the wooden bridge at Boroughbridge, Yorkshire, where Humphrey de Bohun, leading an attempt to storm the bridge, met his death on March 16, 1322.
Although the details have been called into question by a few historians, his death may have been particularly gory. As recounted by Ian Mortimer[1]:
"[The 4th Earl of] Hereford led the fight on the bridge, but he and his men were caught in the arrow fire. Then one of de Harclay's pikemen, concealed beneath the bridge, thrust upwards between the planks and skewered the Earl of Hereford through the anus, twisting the head of the iron pike into his intestines. His dying screams turned the advance into a panic."'
Humphrey de Bohun may have contributed to the failure of the reformers' aims. There is evidence that he suffered for some years, especially after his countess's death in 1316, from clinical depression. [2]
Marriage and children
His marriage to Elizabeth of Rhuddlan (Elizabeth Plantagenet), daughter of King Edward I of England and his first Queen consort Eleanor of Castile, on November 14, 1302, at Westminster gained him the lands of Berkshire.
Elizabeth had an unknown number of children, probably ten, by Humphrey de Bohun.
Until the earl's death the boys of the family, and possibly the girls, were given a classical education under the tutelage of a Sicilian Greek, Master "Digines" (Diogenes), who may have been Humphrey de Bohun's boyhood tutor. He was evidently well-educated, a book collector and scholar, interests his son Humphrey and daughter Margaret (Courtenay) inherited.
Mary or Margaret (the first-born Margaret) and the first-born Humphrey were lost in infancy and are buried in the same sarcophagus in Westminster Abbey. Since fraternal twins were known in the Castilian royal family of Elizabeth Bohun, who gave birth to a pair who lived to manhood, Mary (Margaret?) and Humphrey, see next names, may have been twins, but that is uncertain. The name of a possible lost third child, if any, is unknown--and unlikely.
Hugh de Bohun? This name appears only in one medieval source, which gives Bohun names (see Flores Historiarum) and was a probably a copyist's error for "Humphrey". Hugh was never used by the main branch of the Bohuns in England.[3] Date unknown, but after 1302, since she and Humphrey did not marry until late in 1302.
Humphrey de Bohun (birth and death dates unknown. Buried in Westminster Abbey with Mary or Margaret) Infant.
Mary or Margaret de Bohun (birth and death dates unknown. Buried in Westminster Abbey with Humphrey) Infant.
John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford (About 1307 – 1336)
Humphrey de Bohun, 6th Earl of Hereford (About 1309 to 1311 – 1361).
Margaret de Bohun (3 April 1311-16 December 1391), married Hugh Courtenay, 2nd Earl of Devon Gave birth to about 16 to 18 children (including an Archbishop, a sea commander and pirate, and more than one Knight of the Garter) and died at the age of eighty.
William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton (About 1310-1312 –1360). Twin of Edward. Married Elizabeth de Badlesmere, daughter of Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere and Margaret de Clare, by whom he had issue.
Edward de Bohun (About 1310-1312 –1334). Twin of William. Married Margaret, daughter of William de Ros, 2nd Baron de Ros, but they had no children. He served in his ailing elder brother's stead as Constable of England. He was close friend of young Edward III, and died a heroic death attempting to rescue a drowning man-at-arms from a Scottish river while on campaign.
Eleanor de Bohun (17 October 1304 1363) [4], married James Butler, 1st Earl of Ormonde and Thomas Dagworth, 1st Baron Dagworth.
Eneas de Bohun, (Birth date unknown, died after 1322, when he's mentioned in his father's will). Nothing known of him. Name may reflect his father's classical education or the Earl's Welsh connections; could be either.
Isabel de Bohun (b. May ?, 1316). Elizabeth died in childbirth, and this child died on that day or very soon after. Buried with her mother in Waltham Abbey, Essex.
| Last Edited | 23 October 2014 |
Edward III Plantagenet, King of England
M, #1637, b. 13 November 1312, d. 21 June 1377
Parents
Biography
Edward III Plantagenet, King of England, was born on 13 November 1312. He and
Phillipa de Avesnes were married on 24 January 1328 in York Minster, Yorkshire, England. He died on 21 June 1377 at age 64.
| Last Edited | 26 August 2012 |
Isabella Princess of France
F, #1638, b. 1292, d. 22 August 1358
Biography
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
William DeMontagu
M, #1639, b. 1303, d. 30 January 1343
Parents
Biography
William DeMontagu was born in 1303 in Cassington, Oxfordshire, England. He died on 30 January 1343 at age ~40 in Windsor, England.
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Katherine Grandison
F, #1640, b. about 1304, d. 13 April 1349
Biography
Katherine Grandison was born about 1304 in Ashford, Hertsford, England. She died on 13 April 1349 at age ~45.
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
William Montacute
M, #1641, b. 1265, d. 1319
Biography
William Montacute was born in 1265 in Montacute, England. He died in 1319 at age ~54.
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Elizabeth Montfort
F, #1642, b. 1270, d. 1345
Biography
Elizabeth Montfort was born in 1270 in Beaudesert, England. She died in 1345 at age ~75.
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Thomas Monthermer
M, #1643, b. about 1310
Parents
Family: Ann ? (b. about 1310)
Biography
Thomas Monthermer was born about 1310.
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Ann ?
F, #1644, b. about 1310
Biography
Ann ? was born about 1310 in Quienne.
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Ralph de Monthermer
M, #1645, b. about 1275, d. after 1313
Biography
Ralph de Monthermer was born about 1275. He died after 1313.
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Maud de Lacy
F, #1646, d. before 10 March 1289
Parents
Biography
Maud de Lacy died before 10 March 1289.
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Eleanor of Castile
F, #1647, b. 10 January 1240, d. 28 November 1290
Parents
Biography
Eleanor of Castile was born on 10 January 1240 in Burgos, Provincia de Burgos, Castilla y León, Spain.
King Edward ("Longshanks") Plantagenet,, Edward I of England, and she were married on 1 November 1254 at Monastery of Las Huelgas in Gascony, France. She died on 28 November 1290 at age 50 in Herdeby, Grantham, Nottinghamshire, England. She was buried on 16 December 1290 in Westminster Abbey, London, England.
| Last Edited | 17 September 2019 |
KIng of Castilla y Leon Fernando, III
M, #1648
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Thomas Lapham
M, #1649
Biography
Thomas Lapham and
Mary Tilden were married on 13 March 1637.
| Last Edited | 7 December 2009 |
Anne Savoy
F, #1650, b. 1607, d. 2 July 1687
Biography
Anne Savoy was born in 1607 in England.
Thomas Lettice and she were married in 1635 in Plymouth, Plymouth County, Massachusetts. She died on 2 July 1687 at age ~80 in Plymouth, Plymouth County, Massachusetts.